The Escrow Process

What Exactly Is An Escrow?

An escrow occurs when a neutral third party holds the documents and monies involved in a real estate transaction and ensures that all conditions of the transaction are met. Escrow also refers to a special account that a lender establishes to hold monthly installments from the borrower to cover property taxes and insurance.

What Does An Escrow Holder Do?

An escrow holder is a neutral third party who takes instructions based on the terms of the real estate transaction and, when necessary, the lender's requirements.

What Are The Duties Of The Escrow Holder?

* Receiving and holding all monies, instructions, and documents pertaining to the real estate transaction.

* Serving as the communication link and liaison between all parties.

* Requesting a preliminary title search to determine the condition of title to the property.

* Requesting a beneficiary statement or payoff demand from existing lenders.

* Holding inspection reports, deeds, and insurance documents.

* Complying with the lender's requirements in its instructions to escrow.

* Preparing or obtaining the grant deed.

* Prorating taxes, interest, insurance, rents, and other costs related to the property.

* Recording the deed and other documents.

* Requesting the title insurance policy.

* Closing the escrow according to the instructions of the buyer, seller, and lender.

* Disbursing funds as authorized by the instructions, including charges for real estate commissions, loan payoffs, title insurance, taxes, recording fees, and other costs.

* Preparing final statements of disposition of all funds.

Key terms and phrases commonly associated with escrow include:

Escrow payment:

Funds that a mortgage servicer withdraws from a borrower's escrow account to pay property taxes and insurance.

Escrow analysis:

A lender's periodic examination of an escrow account to determine if the lender is withholding enough funds from a borrower's monthly mortgage payment to pay for expenses such as property taxes and insurance.

Back-to-back escrow:

Arrangements that an owner makes to oversee the sale of one property and the purchase of another at the same time, also known as a concurrent closing.

Escrow closing:

An escrow closing occurs when all conditions of a real estate transaction are met and the title of the property is transferred to the buyer.

Escrow Company:

A firm that acts as a neutral third party to ensure that all conditions that the buyer, seller, and lender establish in a real estate transaction are met.